Which type of bond is characterized by unequal sharing of electrons?

The type of bond characterized by unequal sharing of electrons is the polar bond. In a polar bond, the two atoms involved have different electronegativities, which means that one atom has a stronger ability to attract electrons than the other. As a result, the electrons are not shared equally; they are drawn closer to the atom with higher electronegativity. This creates a dipole moment, resulting in a partial positive charge on one end of the bond and a partial negative charge on the other.

This unequal distribution of electrons leads to the unique properties of polar molecules, including their solubility in water and their ability to participate in hydrogen bonding. Understanding polar bonds is crucial in fields like chemistry and biology, as they drive interactions in many biological molecules and chemical reactions.