Which term describes the relationship where one organism benefits while the other is neither helped nor harmed?

The term that accurately describes the relationship where one organism benefits while the other is neither helped nor harmed is commensalism. In this type of interaction, the benefiting organism, such as a barnacle attaching to a whale, derives advantages from its relationship without significantly affecting the host organism. The host, like the whale in this case, is not impacted in a meaningful way from the presence of the barnacle.

In contrast, other types of relationships do not fit this definition. Symbiosis is a broader term that encompasses various forms of close biological interactions, including both mutualism and parasitism, and does not specify the benefit to one party without impact on the other. Parasitism involves one organism benefiting at the expense of another, which is the opposite of what commensalism describes. Mutualism refers to a relationship where both organisms benefit, which again does not align with the definition of commensalism.