Which of the following particles has no charge?

The neutron is the particle that has no charge, making it a crucial component of atomic nuclei alongside protons. Neutrons are electrically neutral, meaning they do not carry a positive or negative charge. This neutral charge is important for the stability of the nucleus; if all particles were charged, like protons which are positively charged, the forces of repulsion would lead to instability in the atomic structure.

In contrast, protons carry a positive charge, which contributes to the positive charge of the nucleus and plays a critical role in determining the chemical properties of an element. Electrons carry a negative charge and orbit around the nucleus, balancing the positive charge of protons in a neutral atom. Quarks, which are the fundamental constituents of protons and neutrons, also possess charge—specifically, fractional charges—but are not standalone particles typically found in a stable form. Thus, the neutron’s lack of charge is what defines it in comparison to the other particles listed.