Which of the following best describes the Greenhouse Effect?

The Greenhouse Effect refers to the process by which certain gases in Earth's atmosphere trap heat, resulting in a warming effect on the planet. This occurs when sunlight passes through the atmosphere, warming the Earth's surface. The surface then emits this heat in the form of infrared radiation. Greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapor, absorb some of this infrared radiation and re-radiate it back toward the surface, leading to an increase in atmospheric temperature. This natural process is essential for maintaining the Earth's temperature at a level conducive to life, making it a critical component of our climate system.

The other choices do not accurately capture the essence of the Greenhouse Effect. The cooling of the Earth's surface describes a different phenomenon not related to greenhouse gases. The absorption of UV radiation pertains to the function of the ozone layer rather than heat retention. Lastly, the reduction of ozone levels refers to a depletion issue that impacts UV protection rather than contributing to the warming processes described by the Greenhouse Effect.