What role does a microscope play in biological studies?

A microscope plays a crucial role in biological studies primarily by magnifying tiny organisms and cellular structures to allow for detailed observation. This magnification ability is essential in biology, where many organisms, such as bacteria, viruses, or even small cellular components, are not visible to the naked eye. By using different types of microscopes, such as light microscopes or electron microscopes, researchers can observe the morphology, behavior, and properties of these microscopic entities, leading to a deeper understanding of biological processes.

The other options do not accurately describe the function of a microscope in biological studies. For instance, measuring large specimens or photographing larger animals does not encompass the primary use of microscopes, as they are designed specifically for examining small-scale details. Similarly, calculating chemical concentrations involves analytical techniques and equipment distinct from the microscope's magnifying capabilities. Therefore, option C is the only choice that correctly encapsulates the essential function of a microscope in the context of biological study.