What part of a plant is typically referred to as the root?

The part of a plant that is typically referred to as the root is indeed the underground part of the plant. Roots serve several critical functions, including anchoring the plant into the soil, absorbing water and nutrients from the ground, and storing energy in the form of carbohydrates. Unlike the stem, which supports the plant above ground and transports fluids, or leaves that are primarily responsible for photosynthesis and gas exchange, roots grow beneath the surface and are essential for a plant's stability and nourishment. Understanding the role of roots helps illustrate the complex interdependence of various plant structures, which work together to ensure the plant's overall health and growth.