What is the significance of a "Control Variable" in experimental design?

A control variable is significant in experimental design because it allows researchers to isolate the effects of the independent variable being tested. By keeping the control variable constant, researchers establish a baseline for comparison that helps them determine if the changes observed in the dependent variable are due to the manipulation of the independent variable rather than other factors. This enhances the reliability and validity of the experimental results.

In an experiment, if certain factors (control variables) are allowed to change, they might introduce unwanted variability, making it difficult to ascertain whether the independent variable has a true effect on the dependent variable. Therefore, maintaining control variables ensures a fair test, allowing for clearer conclusions to be drawn from the data collected.