What is the general definition of matter?

The general definition of matter is that it is anything that occupies space. This includes all physical substances that have mass, whether they are solids, liquids, or gases. Matter is characterized by having volume, meaning it takes up space, and it is composed of atoms and molecules.

While the other choices touch upon properties related to matter, they do not capture its essence as comprehensively. For example, while weight is a relevant property of matter, it is not a defining characteristic since an object's weight can change depending on the gravitational field. Similarly, the capacity to be measured is a property of matter but does not encompass all forms of matter, especially at a qualitative level. Lastly, energy is not considered matter itself and does not occupy physical space. Thus, defining matter as anything that occupies space provides the most accurate and encompassing description.