What general term is used for the area outside the Earth's atmosphere?

The general term that is most commonly used to refer to the area outside the Earth's atmosphere is "outer space." This term specifically captures the vast expanse that begins where the Earth's atmosphere ends, encompassing everything beyond Earth, including the Moon, planets, stars, and galaxies.

While "space" can sometimes refer to outer space, it is a broader term that may have additional meanings in different contexts (like an empty area within a room or a space in mathematics). The term "cosmos" is often used in a more philosophical or scientific context to describe the universe as a whole, but it is less commonly used as a direct synonym for outer space itself. "Atmosphere" refers specifically to the layer of gases surrounding Earth and is not applicable in this context as it describes the region within the Earth, rather than outside it.

Therefore, "outer space" is the most precise and commonly accepted term for the region outside of Earth's atmosphere.