What does resonance refer to in the context of sound?

Resonance in the context of sound refers to the phenomenon where a system vibrates with greater amplitude at certain frequencies, known as the system's natural frequencies. This occurs when an external force or sound wave matches the natural frequency of the material or medium, causing it to vibrate efficiently and produce a loud sound. This is why resonance is closely associated with sound vibration; it specifically highlights how vibrations occur within materials when they are subjected to specific frequency inputs, enhancing the sound produced.

When a sound wave that matches a system's natural frequency is introduced, it leads to amplified vibrations, and this is experienced in musical instruments as well as other sound-producing objects. Understanding this concept helps in grasping why specific frequencies can produce more pronounced sounds due to the constructive interference of waves within the system.