What does microbiology primarily focus on?

Microbiology is a branch of science that concentrates specifically on small living organisms, primarily microorganisms that are often too small to be seen with the naked eye. This includes bacteria, viruses, fungi, algae, and protozoa. The study of these organisms covers their physiology, ecology, pathology, and applications in fields such as medicine, environmental science, and biotechnology. Understanding microbiology is crucial for exploring how these organisms interact with each other and their environments, as well as their roles in health, disease, and the ecosystem. The correct choice highlights the core focus of microbiology, distinguishing it from other scientific disciplines that deal with weather phenomena, geological formations, or physical principles.