What does it mean if an object is described as having friction?

When an object is described as having friction, it means that it is resistant to sliding. Friction is a force that opposes the relative motion of two surfaces in contact. This resistance arises from the interactions between the microscopic surfaces of the two objects. When one object attempts to slide over another, friction works against that motion, which can prevent the object from sliding easily or can slow it down if it is already in motion.

Understanding friction is key in many physical applications, from everyday activities like walking or driving to designed systems in engineering where safe and efficient movement is necessary. For instance, the amount of friction can affect how easily vehicles move on a road or how well a person can grip a surface. Factors such as the texture of the surfaces in contact and the materials involved can influence the level of friction experienced. This resistance is fundamental in mechanics and helps to maintain stability in various scenarios.